Categories
Personal Finance

Do You Share Your Credit Card With Family And Friends?

My wife got a marketing letter from TD Visa recently which has the headline

“Share the value and convenience of your TD Visa Account with family and friends…

No approval required”

The idea is that you can apply for extra credit cards which you can give to friends/family/neighbours/shifty guy at bus stop etc.  We got a bit of a laugh from the letter since the idea of getting a credit card for your friends seems a bit silly.   I can see maybe lending your card in an emergency but actually getting a card for them?

Obviously they are just trying to expand their business and getting their existing customers to use more products is a pretty good way to do this.  I did this for my wife (got her a second Visa card) but I feel at this point in time that she is fairly trustworthy.  🙂

Other than for a spouse or child (maybe) I just can’t see ever, ever doing this – can you?

Categories
Frugal

Tricky “Deals”

I’ve been finding that it’s increasingly difficult to even understand, let alone benefit from, the “deals” that are being offered by stores.  It’s apparently a Canadian thing (according to a friend in the US), but we regularly get coupons for fast food.  It’ll be something like a free fry and drink, if you buy a meal deal, plus another sandwich, when the moon is gibbous and Stephen Harper has recently worn a red tie.  I’ve just started scanning them and sending them to Thicken My Wallet and Money Grubbing Lawyer and they explain to me what my legal exposure is if I try to make a purchase using these coupons.

There’s out-and-out scams, which I definitely wouldn’t consider a special offer stuffed full of conditions and exclusions to be, but to me stores issuing these are playing games with their customers.  Half the time I see people trying to use coupons or take advantage of a deal, I see an employee pushing back explaining to them why it doesn’t work the way they were led to believe.  At Pizza Pizza there is a current deal where they say “ANY Slice and a Pop for $2.99!”  A man was ready to pay for his, and the clerk asked for over $5.  The man hesitantly asked why he wasn’t getting the $3 deal, and got sneered at by the clerk.  In tiny print, it says that ANY slice refers to pepperoni or cheese.  So “ANY” in all caps, refers to 2 of the dozen options available.  Right…  The thing that really got me is the customer then apologized and paid the higher price.  Why do we let stores treat us this way?  I think this is what almost all customers do, apologise (“Sorry I let you trick me”) then pay full price.  I think we’re embarrassed to be discussing the deal that the store OFFERED!  What’s up with that?  Do people have so much cash they can just throw it around like a bored aristocrat instead of suffering the indignity of clarifying a transaction being offered to us?  And isn’t walking away from someone who just tried to deceive us the right reaction, not doing business with them!

My parents recently went to a sale at Zeller’s (think a smaller, dirtier version of Wal-Mart) and they couldn’t understand why customers were mobbing everything except the Pop (aka Soda, aka “Coke”).  They asked a woman working there, and she said most things had already gone on sale, but the pop sale starts the next day.  They were going to head to a grocery store immediately afterwards, but after checking the flier they had they saw that some of the sales didn’t start until the next day, while others didn’t start until the following Monday.

Bell and Rogers are famous for this bullshit.

I can’t understand how businesses could be unaware of the long term effects of this strategy.  Customers will get increasingly suspicious, and eventually just start ignoring deals, assuming “there’s got to be a catch”.  I’ve already got to that point.  Offering a deal to get a customer into your store, then revealing that you tricked them really doesn’t seem like a good way to build a business to me, but it seems to be so widespread that most people must accept it.

What’s the worst example of misleading advertising you’ve run into?  How do you react when you discover a deal you thought you were going to get was misrepresented to you?  Is there any solution to this?

Categories
Announcements

LinkStuff – Monday, April 20

The Links

Cash Money Life had a pretty good post explaining why getting an MBA is no longer my goal.  I had considered this at one time – even wrote the GMAT.

Moolanomy wrote about a scam chimney sweeping service that was “working” his neighbourhood.  This post would fit right in with our scams/frauds category.

ABCs of Investing wrote about an investment policy statement

Preet answer the question which I’ve often wondered – what if the entire market was indexed?  Would active investors then have a chance?

Financial Blogger says you don’t have to know anything to make money on the stock market.  This is true but you also don’t have to know anything to lose money either.

The Oblivious Investor covers asset allocation and life expectancy.

Good Financial Cents had a very interesting post about a pro football player asking Suze Orman for financial advice.  It’s nice to hear about an NFL player who is actually in pretty good financial shape (and hasn’t been arrested).

Thicken My Wallets want to know – do you volunteer?  I don’t but maybe I should.

Canadian Capitalist reported on the Ontario sales tax transition benefit.  I’ll be lining up for this one.

Carnivals

Carnival of Personal Finance

Categories
Personal Finance

Need Bike Buying Advice

We’re looking to buy a bicycle for my wife – touring type (ie mountain bike with smooth tires).  Does anyone have any advice or suggestions?

Open to buying new or used – not sure what price to think about.  Something lighter would be nice.  In our area (Riverdale/Beaches) in Toronto there is a Canadian tire as well as a bunch of smaller bike places.  Has anyone bought a bike in that area?  How about Kijiji – can you get a used bike that isn’t stolen off it?

Ideally less than $500 would be good.

Categories
Announcements

Carnival of Financial Planning – 4P Edition!

Welcome to the April 17, 2009 edition of the Carnival of Financial Planning.

A big thanks to The Skilled Investor who created this carnival and did the editing for this edition.  If you want to read financial planning posts – then this is the place to be!

Investing

Investing School presents Etrade vs Tradeking vs Zecco – Trading Commissions Comparison posted at Investing School, saying, “Have you written Etrade off just because the commissions are higher? Is Zecco or TradeKing better? This takes a look at these three stock brokers on a fees comparison.”

The Financial Blogger presents What does a DIY Investor (besides thinking he’s smarter than Wall Street?). posted at The Financial Blogger, saying, “Several people think (and I used to be a part of it) that they can beat the market and that they can do better than most of portfolio managers.”

Dorian Wales presents Stock Surges Are Usually Unexpected – How To Make Sure You Won’t Miss Out posted at The Personal Financier, saying, “Historical market data explains why many investors, including myself, missed on the recent surge in stock prices”

Silicon Valley Blogger presents TradeKing Review: How Does TradeKing Measure Up? posted at The Digerati Life

Frank Vertin presents Just Buy Index Funds Directly posted at NO LOAD INDEX FUND, saying, “Buying an S&P 500 index fund through an investment counselor can substantially increase your initial purchasing costs and and drive up your annual management expense fees. Unfortunately, the vast majority of individual investors buy mutual funds and ETFs through brokers and investment advisers. Rarely do financial advisors recommend that you buy index funds with low fees. This is because low cost, no load mutual funds do not pay them as well as loaded, high fee mutual funds.”

Barry presents Bullish Days Ahead But Bear Is Lying In Wait For The Kill | Jeflin’s Investment Blog posted at Jeflin’s Investment Blog.

VC presents When Will The Economy Turn? posted at The Penny Daily, saying, “What to look for in order to determine if the market and the economy have turned for the better.”

Tyrone Solee presents Investment Planning posted at Millionaire Acts, saying, “Learn how to write your own investment plans.”

Walter W. Fouse presents 7 Ways to Pick the Best Noload Mutual Funds and ETFs posted at Best No Load Funds, saying, “The vast body of investment research studies show that there really are better approaches to buying and owning mutual funds and ETFs. You do not need to frantically chase fund performance. Performance chasing simply does not work.”

FIRE Getters presents What is the Rule of 72? posted at FIRE Finance.

Sage presents Performance Guaranteed Variable Annuities posted at Pragmatic Sage Weekly, saying, “I give three reasons why to stay away from Performance Guaranteed Variable Annuities.”

Jae Jun presents Best Small Companies Fair Value Estimates posted at Old School Value, saying, “Find out what many companies are worth from my fair value calculations and stock price comparisons.”

Richard M. Rothschild presents The Top 14 Low Cost Taxable United States Bond Mutual Funds (Low Minimum Deposit) posted at Bond Market Index Funds, saying, “The top 14 low cost taxable US fixed income funds with a $10,000 or lower initial deposit. Low investment management fees are very important with fixed income funds. Simply put, if you pay higher bond mutual fund fees, then these bond management expenses tend just to be a deadweight loss to you. When you pay more in bond mutual fund fees, you are just wasting your money.”

Dividends4Life presents Auto Parts Retailers Rallying posted at Dividends Value, saying, “As consumers delay in purchasing new cars, they are forced to perform additional maintenance on their existing cars. The primary beneficiary of this phenomenon and one of the few industries experiencing success in this downturn are retail auto parts companies such as Autozone (AZO).”

Money Tipper presents Rule of 72: Estimate Your Money’s Doubling Time posted at Money Tipper, saying, “The Rule of 72 is a handy little rule of thumb for quickly estimating how long it’ll take for your money to double.”

jim presents Consumer Reports America’s Best Brokers posted at Blueprint for Financial Prosperity.

Larry Russell presents 7 Ways to Pick the Best Noload Mutual Funds and ETFs posted at Best No Load Funds, saying, “Taken as a whole, the vast body of investment research studies show that there really are better approaches to buying and owning mutual funds and ETFs. You do not need to frantically chase fund performance. Performance chasing simply does not work.”

MoneyNing presents Ins and Outs of a Stock Exchange posted at Investing School, saying, “Stock exchanges perform a critical function in the world of trading. Find out what they do by going through the article.”

Shaun Connell presents The Case for Buying Gold posted at Financial Planning, saying, “Buying gold is a polarizing investment. I know several people who are putting all of their current investments into gold out of fear of runaway inflation in the next few years. Others are scoffing at the idea, and think this is the perfect time to buy stocks, not metal.”

Economics

Writers Coin presents The Credit Crisis: What Happened? posted at The Writer’s Coin, saying, “Two great videos that explain how we got into the current economic mess in really simple, easy-to-understand terms.”

Roshawn Watson presents Mark to Market NOT Mark to Myth posted at Watson Inc, saying, “Half the country’s banks–4,000 in all–would be bust if they marked their loans to what the loans would fetch in an auction. Banks are fooling themselves by refusing to mark busted assets down. Banks are on a prayer mission that somehow prices will come back and they won’t have to face reality.”

Britannica Blog presents Do Americans Support Capitalism, and Which Capitalism? posted at Britannica Blog, saying, “I’m being asked to participate in a debate on whether America’s economic system should remain capitalist or embrace socialism.”

Estate Planning

Tushar Mathur presents Getting finances in order posted at Everything Finance, saying, “Keeping organized records is a gift to your family and to yourself. It helps ensure that your wishes are followed, that your assets are accounted for, and that your money is available to meet your family’s needs in a timely fashion.”

Financial Planning

Big Cajun Man presents That is so Obvious! posted at Canadian Personal Finance Blog, saying, “Sometimes the obvious financial planning ideas, aren’t.”

Jeff Rose presents 7 Questions To Ask Your Financial Planner posted at Jeff Rose.

Financing a Home

ChristianPF presents Reverse Mortgages: Advantages and Disadvantages posted at Money in the Bible | Christian Personal Finance Blog, saying, “Playing a little devil’s advocate with Reverse Mortgages”

Brian McKay presents When to Refinance your Mortgage posted at MonitorBankRates.com, saying, “The time is right to refinance your mortgage. Rates are at historic lows – even lower than the rates several years ago that helped contribute to the housing boom and bust.”

Madison presents Making Home Affordable Program Launched posted at My Dollar Plan.

Claudia Gonella presents Are real estate prices sticker in Central America? posted at Real estate data for Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Belize, saying, “Implications of availability of financing on real estate prices in Central America”

kathryn presents Free Money from the Government posted at Out of Debt Christian, saying, “The government is offering free money to new home buyers that have not owned a home in the last three years. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 provides up to $8000 in a tax credit to anyone that qualifies for the program. The amount received is determined by the value of the home (10 %) that is purchased.”

Tallahassee Real Estate presents How To Make An Offer In Today’s Real Estate Market posted at Tallahassee Real Estate Blog, saying, “I was talking with a Tallahassee REALTOR yesterday and we were discussing an offer he had just made on a foreclosure offering in Tallahassee. We discussed strategy for making an offer to a bank (the home had been foreclosed upon and was for sale by the bank that held the financing on the home) and how the strategy had to be different than when making an offer to a typical homeowner.”

Health Care

Jim DeSantis presents How To Investigate Health Insurance Providers posted at On Line Tribune | Health, saying, “The growing number of consumers needing reasonably priced health insurance plans with decent coverage has led to the mushrooming of scam health insurance providers. These providers often target new retirees, the elderly, young families, and small-business owners who can’t negotiate group rates with legitimate insurers. Here’s how to find legitimate low cost providers.”

Income

The Smarter Wallet presents Find Freelance Work At This Online Job Search Site: GoFreelance.com posted at The Smarter Wallet, saying, “Thanks!”

Writers Coin presents Want to Get Paid Like a Trader? posted at The Writer’s Coin, saying, “Would you want to get paid based on a formula that determines how good of an employee you are? Maybe you would, maybe you wouldn’t….here’s a little exploration on the subject”

Managing Debt

jim presents Borrowing Money from Social Lending Networks posted at Blueprint for Financial Prosperity.

MoneyNing presents 25 Debt Reduction Tips For Your Immediate Action Plan posted at Money Ning, saying, “There’s no time to waste. Get your act together and fix your debt right away.”

Miscellaneous

Len Penzo presents My Ten Commandments of Personal Finance posted at Len Penzo . Com, saying, “On this Easter week, I thought it would be appropriate to submit my Ten Commandments of Personal Finance.”

Retirement Planning

FMF presents Free Money Finance: Social Security 6: The 70-66 Strategy posted at Free Money Finance, saying, “Thoughts for people aged 66 t0 70 on how to deal with Social Security.”

Risk Management and Insurance

nickel presents How to Save Money on Life Insurance posted at fivecentnickel.com, saying, “Life insurance is an important financial tool, but it’s important not to pay too much for it.”

John Russell presents 14 Auto Insurance Savings Secrets – Part-1 of 14 posted at The Low Cost Auto Insurance Guru, saying, “If you knew how this industry actually works, it would save you thousands of dollars each year on auto insurance. Want to know the secrets behind the premiums you pay?”

Budgeting

The Budgeter presents Four Steps To Create A Guilt-Free Budget posted at Keep Your Cash, saying, “A brief rundown on how to create a guilt-free budget”

Michael Gvirtzman presents Budget Planning Tool posted at Mind Listings, saying, “Family budget spreadsheet with explanations on budget tracking and cash flow forecasting using this free tool.”

Pasadena Financial Planner presents Living Expense Tracking Methods posted at Pasadena Financial Planner, saying “Many people do not track their living expenses and do not understand the magnitude of their consumption. Failure to monitor your consumption expenditures means that they are flying blindly regarding their future finances. If you do not understand how much you spend and how much you are saving and investing, you simply do not have a financial plan. This situation dramatically increases your family’s long-term financial risk.”

Jim DeSantis presents 3 Reasons That Can Cause Your Family Budget To Fail posted at Free Family Budgeting eBook from On Line Tribune, saying, “Money is the only tool you have to secure your future and the future of your family and to live a good life today. Unless you get spending under control and start treating your household like the gold mine it really is, you are destined to struggle financially for the rest of your life.”

Writers Coin presents Buying Shiny New Things Without The Guilt posted at The Writer’s Coin, saying, “Buying an expensive new gadget doesn’t mean you have to feel guilty about it. As long as you plan it out beforehand…”

Larry Russell presents Financial Planning Reading List posted at Pasadena Financial Planner, saying “When I work with clients to develop their customized lifetime financial and investment plans, they often ask what they should read to improve their financial literacy. This article provides a list of recommended reading from among the many hundreds of articles that I have authored in the past several years.”

Savings

The Dough Roller presents Get Your Green On-13 Energy (and Money) Saving Gadgets posted at The Dough Roller, saying, “The technology that is available today is quite remarkable, and many green gadgets can not only lessen our impact on the environment, but also save money.”

Curt presents 7 Reasons to Grow Your Savings Account While You Are Still Employed posted at PennyJobs.com.

Brandon Rowe presents Best Savings Account Interest Rates posted at Bank Rates.

Wenchypoo presents *WARNING! WARNING! BOOK DANGER!!* posted at Wisdom From Wenchypoo’s Mental Wastebasket, saying, “This book advocates the use of whole life insurance policies as the new ATM–insurance is NOT for financing spending!!”

KCLau presents Learning to be Happy with Less posted at KCLau’s Money Tips, saying, “How you can be happy with less material things”

The Skilled Investor presents Most Individual Investors Are Poor Personal Portfolio Managers | Personal Investment Management posted at Personal Investment Management, saying, “Investors more easily understand investment costs that are directly measurable, such as fees deducted on investment statements. However, many investors ignore or are unaware of the opportunity costs of their sub-optimal investment behaviors. Opportunity costs are usually much more difficult to measure directly, but these investment costs can be even higher than more visible investment fees.”

Taxes

George L Smyth presents One Minute How-To – How To File A Tax Extension posted at George L Smyth, saying, “Ryan Thompson explains how you can get an additional six months to file your taxes.”

Mike G presents The Revised 1099 or 1099-Arrrrrrrrrrrrgh! posted at Money TLD, saying, “When it comes to taxes, it can pay to procrastinate due to the dreaded revised 1099. If you invest, then you will likely get one.”

Patrick @ Military Money presents Free Tax Deadline Extensions for Military Members posted at Military Finance Network, saying, “Military members can file for an extension for filing their taxes – especially if they were deployed to a tax free zone.”

Super Saver presents Claiming a Parent as a Dependent on a Tax Return posted at My Wealth Builder, saying, “With more children caring for or providing financial support for aging parents, the question of whether a parent can be claimed as a dependent sometimes arises. Here is my understanding of the criteria.”

Barb A. Ryan presents Asset Allocation, Investment Asset Tax Location, and Emergency Cash Management posted at Fee Only Financial Planner, saying As you move your cash, bond, and stock financial assets into lower cost, more broadly diversified investment mutual funds and/or ETFs, you should also consider how to “locate” your investment asset allocation with respect to more optimal taxation. This article will discusses some ideas about where and how to hold your cash assets and how to make emergency cash available.”

Beno Varghese presents An Average Person’s Tax Dollars posted at Beno Varghese dot-com.

That concludes this edition. Submit your blog article to the next edition of Carnival of Financial Planning using our carnival submission form. Past posts and future hosts can be found on our blog carnival index page.

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Categories
Personal Finance

Post-Claims Underwriting

Maude: Neddy doesn’t believe in insurance. He considers it a form of gambling.

(on Ned Flanders from “The Simpsons”)

Ellen Roseman recently wrote a blog post “Don’t buy insurance from banks.”  In it (and in the accompanying column) she details a couple who approached her with a problem.  They had purchased critical illness and life insurance on their mortgage in 1999, and been upfront with the bank about their health at the time and during renewals.  When the man had developed cancer and they tried to collect on the policy, TD Canada Trust denied their claim, saying it was a mistake that the policy had ever been sold to them.  Getting the situation written up in the Toronto Star shamed TD into honouring the policy, but unfortunately I’ve long had the feeling this is a common occurrence with insurance companies.

When you’re deciding who to buy insurance from, they happily promise you the world.  Benefits are pointed out and you’re lead to believe that you’re fully protected.  Even when you try to get the full details of the policy, agents try to steer you away from that and just assure you “it’s full coverage”.  When something bad occurs, suddenly the situation becomes far less certain and there are a great deal of exceptions and special cases.  Often the insurance company needs to be forced to honour the policy, either in court or by going to the press.

Post-claims underwriting, where the validity of a policy isn’t confirmed until a claim is made, is an AWFUL idea, that clearly exists to collect payments from “customers”, while keeping an escape hatch to avoid payment of any actual claims.  I’ve written before about self insuring, and behaviour like this on the part of the insurance companies is a big part of the reason that I only carry insurance protecting against CATASTROPHIC lose.  Since I currently don’t have any dependants, this is mostly protection against  liability and extreme damage in my rental condo (with the highest deductible they would allow).

The movie “Sicko”, by Michael Moore, details the failings of the American medical system.  It’s obviously a very “structured” perspective on this issue (I love Michael Moore and his movies, but you can’t take this style of work at face value).  My feeling was that the worst failings presented weren’t the fault of the government, but insurance companies being allowed to violate agreements with their customers in disgustingly immoral ways (such as the woman who was denied treatment for ovarian cancer because the insurance company claimed she was “too young” to have developed it).

In investments there is the legal principle that sophisticated parties can not make ridiculously one-side (or overly-complex) agreements  to take advantage of unsophisticated people.  Unfortunately I think this is rampant in insurance sales, where the contracts being sold are VERY complex (and intentionally so), that are being misrepresented to buyers.  Until insurance companies begin to behave (or are forced to behave) with more integrity, I’ll avoid purchasing insurance except when there’s absolutely no other choice.

Have you ever had to make a large claim on an insurance policy?  Was it easy or hard?  Did you have to fight to have the claim honoured, and if so, how?

Categories
Money

IRS – Late Filing Tax Return Penalties – Need Some Motivation?

If you are still working on filing your taxes with the IRS after the April 15th deadline or perhaps you haven’t even thought about doing your taxes then you need to read this article – all the various financial penalties will be outlined.  Once you have finished this article, then you should be more motivated to finish your tax return.

Read about the 2010 tax deadline for your 2009 taxes.

If you thinking about buying tax preparation software then consider software programs such as TurboTax or TurboTax Canada (formerly QuickTax).

Failure to file penalty

This is the big one – if you don’t file your tax return or an extension by April 15th then you will get nailed for the failure to file penalty.  This also applies if you get an extension to file your tax return and miss the new deadline.

How much is the failure to file penalty?

The penalty is 5% of the tax balance due per month up to a maximum of 25%.  A new month starts on the 15th of each month so if you file on May 18th then you will pay 2 months penalty or 10%.  This is the biggest penalty by far so it’s important to file your tax return as soon as you can even if you don’t have a penny to pay the money owed.  If you don’t owe any money then there is no penalty.

For example if you owe $1000  and file your taxes 1 week after the deadline then your failure to file penalty will be $50 ( 5% of $1000).  Keep in mind that if you file more than 60 days past the deadline then the minimum failure to file penalty will be your unpaid tax or $135 whichever is smaller.

If you owe $1000 and don’t file for 5 months or more then the failure to file penalty will be 25% or $250!

Late payment penalty

The late payment or failure to pay penalty is applied when you have filed your tax return but didn’t pay the full balance owed.  In that case the penalty will be 0.5% of the balance due per month.  There is no maximum amount for this penalty so it can add up.  If you can’t pay your full balance by April 15th then you should try to pay as much as you can to reduce the penalty.  There is no late payment penalty if you don’t owe any tax money.  If this penalty is applied then the late filing penalty drops to 4.5%.

For example if you owe $1000 and you don’t pay for 6 months then the penalty will be $30 ( 6 x 0.005 x 1000).

Interest charged on balance due

The last penalty for late payment is interest – currently the IRS charges 4% interest on late payments.  This interest rate can change quarterly.

For example if you owe $1000 and pay 6 months late – then the interest charge will be $20 (2% of $1000).

What are my total charges on $1000 paid 6 months late?

Failure to file penalty:  4.5% of $1000 per month for 6 months = $270.  (This is only 4.5% because the late payment penalty is applied).

Failure to pay penalty:  0.5% of $1000 per month for 6 months = $30.

Interest:  4% annually for 6 months on $1000 = $20.

Total = $320 – in other words your tax balance due will have increased by 32%.  So get that return in!

More information

What happens if you didn’t file your taxes?

What if I messed up my taxes?

What should I do if I can’t pay my taxes?

What happens if you don’t file your tax return?

Do I need a tax attorney?

Categories
RESP

RESP Contribution Rules For 15,16 And 17 Year Olds

I recently got a question on my addition resp grant post from Donna – she brings up a number of interesting points which I’d like to address.  If you want to read any other posts on resp then check out the main resp reference page.

RESP Book
Buy The RESP Book on Amazon

This was her question:

Hello. I have 3 children, 15, turning 17 and an 18 year old.
I am divorced and we had to liquify our RESP 12 years ago.
Since then their father had passed and left a little insurance money.
Is there anything that would be worthwhile in investing into the
RESP now and can it be backdated?? Any suggestions?
Looks like all 3 will be going to post secondary…2 university for
sure.
Help!

Investment time horizon

First point (and most important point) is the concept of investing time horizon.  If you are investing money that you need in a couple of years then you have to invest in something that is not risky in order to ensure the money will be there when you need it.  In Donna’s case I would just put the money in a high interest savings account or short term bonds (via etf or index fund) since her youngest will be going to school in 2 or 3 years.

Buy The RESP Book on Amazon now!

RESP contribution rules and catchup rules

The two main benefits of resps are the government grant (20% of contributions) and the tax-sheltered status.  Let’s look at the possibilities for each of her kids:

18 year old

The last year the resp contribution grant can be paid is in the year the beneficiary turns 17.  If you set up an resp for the 18 year old then the main benefit of government grants won’t be available.  The tax sheltering might still be useful but only in certain cases.  If you are in a high tax bracket (ie 40%+) and will be contributing a significant sum of money – let’s say $10k.  Then you will be saving roughly $120 taxes per year (assume 40% rate on 3% interest).  The interest portion of the account will be taxable in the child’s hand when withdrawn but as long as they are in a lower tax bracket then you will save some tax money.  This benefit is pretty debatable – all it takes is one good summer job and the tax benefit mostly disappears.  I’m not sure that I would bother with an resp for the 18 year old especially if the money is going to be used in the next year or two.

Turning 17 year old

By the description “turning 17” I’m assuming the child is turning 17 in 2009.  There are special rules for 16 and 17 year olds with respect to the government grants which mean that this child won’t qualify.

The rules are as follows:

RESPs for beneficiaries aged 16 and 17 will be eligible for RESP grants only if at least one of the following conditions is met:

  1. At least $2,000 must have been contributed to an RESP for the beneficiary before the end of the calendar year the beneficiary turned 15 and not withdrawn.
  2. At least $100 must have been contributed to an RESP for the beneficiary in each of any four years before the end of the calendar year that the beneficiary turned 15 and not withdrawn.

From the comment it appears that all the previous resp contributions were withdrawn which makes this child ineligible for any grants.  My previous comment about tax sheltering for the 18 year old are still valid for this child.

15 year old

Finally some good news – the 15 year old is eligible for the 20% government grant for this year and the next two years – but only if $2000 is contributed this year (see above rule).  Donna asked about “backdating” the contributions – the resp rules allow you to receive up to $500 of grants per year for past years in addition to the yearly maximum of $500 in grants for the current year contribution.
Put simply, Donna can contribute $5,000 for the 15 year old in 2009 and will receive $1,000 in grants.  Then she can do the same in 2010 and 2011 – at that time she will have made $15,000 in contributions and received $3,000 in grants which is well worth the effort of setting up the account.  In this case the tax sheltering effects are even more beneficial than for the older kids.
If she doesn’t want to contribute the maximum then I would suggest contributing a minimum of $2,000 this year otherwise this will be the last year the child will be eligible for grants.

Additional CESG grants

Donna didn’t say anything about income but if your family income is below around $78k then you might be eligible for additional resp grants which could mean grants of 30% or even 40% instead of the basic CESG rate of 20%.  This of course would mean more grant money for the 15 year old.

Summary

If I were in Donna’s shoes I would make sure first and foremost that I didn’t invest in anything with any risk at all (resp or not) – there just isn’t very much time until this educational money is needed.  Secondly, I would definitely open an resp for the 15 year old because there is a lot of potential grant money available.  I don’t know if it’s worthwhile opening resps for the other 2 depending on other factors discussed.  The 15 year old is the only one who will have a clear benefit from an RESP from the information given.  I would also find out if she was eligible for any extra grants.